14.07.2022

A power supply is an electrical device that converts the electric current that comes in from a power source, such as the power mains, to the voltage and current values necessary for powering a load, such as a motor or electronic device.The objective of a power supply is to power the load with the proper voltage and current. The current must be supplied in a controlled manner — and with an accurate voltage — to a wide range of loads, sometimes simultaneously, all without letting changes in the input voltage or in other connected devices affect the output.A power supply can be external, often seen in devices such as laptops and phone chargers, or internal, such as in larger devices such as desktop computers. A power supply can either be regulated or unregulated. In a regulated power supply, the changes in the input voltage do not affect the output. On the other hand, in an unregulated power supply, the output depends on any changes in the input. The one thing all power supplies have in common is that they take electric power from the source at the input, transform it in some way, and deliver it to the load at the output. The power at the input and output can be either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC):

Direct current (DC) occurs when the current flows in one constant direction. It usually comes from batteries, solar cells, or from AC/DC converters. DC is the preferred type of power for electronic devices.

Alternating current (AC) occurs when the electric current periodically inverts its direction. AC is the method used to deliver electricity through power transmission lines to homes and businesses

Therefore, if AC is the type of power delivered to your house and DC is the type of power you need to charge your phone, you are going to need an AC/DC power supply in order to convert the AC voltage coming in from the power grid to the DC voltage needed to charge your mobile phone’s battery.


Things to consider before selecting an LED driver
An LED driver is an electrical device that regulates power to an LED or a string of LEDs. It is a crucial piece to an LED circuit and to operate without one will result in system failure. Using one is very important in preventing damage to your LEDs as the forward voltage (Vf) of a high-power LED changes with temperature. Forward Voltage is the amount of volts the light emitting diode requires to conduct electricity and light up. As temperature increases, the forward voltage of the LED decreases, causing the LED to draw more current. The LED will continue to get hotter and draw more current until the LED burns itself out, this is also known as Thermal Runaway. The LED driver is a self-contained power supply which has outputs that are matched to the electrical characteristics of the LED(s). This helps avoid thermal runaway as the constant current LED driver compensates for the changes in the forward voltage while delivering a constant current to the LED. here are some things you should consider about it:
What type of LEDs are being used and how many?
Find out forward voltage, recommended driving current, etc.
Do I need a constant current LED driver or a constant voltage LED driver?
We go over constant current vs. constant voltage here.
What type of power will be used? (DC, AC, batteries, etc.)
Running from AC? See how an AC driver will benefit you!
What are the space limitations?
Working in a tight area? Not a lot of voltage to work with?

How Does KNX Work?
In order to transfer control data to all building management components (or smart home devices/functions), a system is required that avoids the problem of having isolated devices speaking 'different languages'. KNX devices can manage lighting, blinds and shutters, HVAC, security systems, energy management, audio video, white goods, displays, remote control, etc. KNX is also the world’s only open standard for home and building control and is compliant to EN 50090, EN 13321-1 and ISO/ IEC 14543, and has been submitted for Australian standards approval. Unlike proprietary protocols (which only the manufacturer supports), KNX is an open worldwide standard with over 300 different manufacturers producing products that all inter-work and operate together seamlessly. KNX works by ensuring all components, devices, features and functions of any building (or outdoor space) communicate via one common language instantly and remotely. The KNX bus line is the main central nervous system for all automatons. It is a green cable which is installed in addition to the conventional mains supply during a new build or renovation project. All of the various building technology elements are then connected to one another vis the main KNX bus line in accordance with the KNX standard for building automation. The cable system is then managed by such things as sensors, detectors, parameters, etc. — which can then be conveniently controlled by end users with a laptop, smart phone or tablet device. The KNX bus is routed in parallel to the electrical power supply to all devices and systems on the network linking:

Sensors (e.g. push buttons, thermostats, anemometers, movement) gather information and send it on the bus as a data telegram.
Actuators (dimming units, heating valves, displays) receive data telegrams which are then converted into actions; and
Controllers and other logic functions (room temperature controllers, shutter controllers and other)
System devices and components (e.g. line couplers, backbone couplers).

What features make the best solar inverter?
A solar inverter is a device that converts the DC power from solar panels into AC electricity. It usually has multiple DC inputs that allow the connection of solar PV strings into the inverter’s DC side. The AC side of an on-grid type inverter (a.k.a. grid-tie solar inverter) directly connects to the local utility grid through the electrical mains of a building. It uses the electrical utility parameters such as voltage and frequency as a grid reference. This enables the inverter to synchronize to the grid and pump power to the connected load. A string inverter is simply an inverter that requires a higher level of DC input voltage to operate. It is designed to take 5 to 22 solar panels, connected in series, as its input. Additionally, to learn how to operate and and to switch off an inverter will also be essential. There are a lot of factors to be considered when choosing the best inverter. Although the end-users’ needs might vary, few aspects are commonly desired for the grid-tie inverters to have. Here is a list of important features for an inverter to be considered in the top tier:

Maximum Efficiency
High Inverter Load Ratio
Multiple MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Inputs
Cost-Effectiveness
High Safety and Protection Level
Ease of Installation
Connectivity and Monitoring


What is bidirectional inverter?
Let’s first begin with what an inverter is. An inverter performs the direct current power generated by a solar energy panel to alternating current. It is AC power that our homes and offices receive from an electrical grid. A bidirectional inverter, in a DC-distribution system, is a device that is used to regulate and monitor the flow of power between a DC bus and an AC grid and to restrict the voltage expanse at the former to only a certain permissible range of voltages. In other words, a bi-directional inverter is the one that not only performs the DC to AC conversion, but also performs the conversion of AC power to DC. The major advantage of using a bidirectional inverter is that their use provides users—typically homeowners and business owners—with additional flexibility in terms of the ability to decide when to buy power from an electrical grid and when to sell so as to make the maximum profit based on the price of electricity at a particular point in time.

Depend upon your application for which you are using inverter,For eg. Input of Inverter is DC and it produce AC out of it when needed especially when we dont have electricity from mains.

DC voltage support is usually given by battery. battery is a storage of energy ,so it goes on discharging as used therefore we need to charge it regularly.

when we have Mains supply we charge battery for which we have to convert AC to DC.Therefore we need bidrectional inverter

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